Gastroenteritis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach and intestines, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, nausea, and sometimes fever. In the UAE, gastroenteritis is frequently seen in primary care settings due to viral infections, food contamination, travel exposure, and seasonal outbreaks.

Most cases of gastroenteritis are viral and self-limiting, resolving within a few days. However, dehydration remains a significant concern, particularly in children, elderly individuals, and those with chronic illnesses. Early evaluation by a primary care physician ensures appropriate hydration strategies and monitoring.

Clinical assessment includes evaluation of fluid status, frequency of diarrhea or vomiting, abdominal tenderness, and presence of blood in stools. In uncomplicated cases, laboratory testing is usually unnecessary. However, persistent symptoms or signs of severe dehydration may require further evaluation.

Treatment primarily focuses on oral rehydration therapy using electrolyte-balanced solutions. Small, frequent fluid intake is encouraged to prevent dehydration. In severe cases, intravenous fluids may be required.

Dietary recommendations include temporary avoidance of fatty, spicy, or heavy foods. Gradual reintroduction of light meals supports recovery. Anti-nausea medications may be prescribed when necessary.

Antibiotics are not routinely required unless bacterial infection is suspected. Rational antibiotic use prevents resistance and side effects.

Preventive measures include hand hygiene, safe food preparation, proper refrigeration, and avoiding contaminated water sources. Public awareness is particularly important in communal settings such as schools and workplaces.

In pediatric cases, careful monitoring for dehydration signs such as reduced urination, lethargy, and dry mouth is essential. Parents receive clear guidance on when to seek urgent care.

Gastroenteritis is generally manageable with supportive care and monitoring. Through structured hydration strategies and patient education, primary care physicians help ensure safe recovery and prevent complications.